A Persona Of Emmett Till - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 442 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/08/15 Category People Essay Level High school Tags: Emmett Till Essay Did you like this example?    Look what Mississippi did to my boy (Mamie Till, page 131) His mom quoted when she was informed of Emmetts short life and terrifying death. Emmett had an amazing life   as a black boy in Chicago. He had a white girlfriend, great school, a numerous amount of friends, and the most important one, no hate or racism. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "A Persona Of Emmett Till" essay for you Create order Emmett was living his life! He really liked exploring and playing baseball. He was a normal boy that did not deserve the death he had. In 1955, Emmett Till was tragically tortured and murdered in Mississippi leading to his mother displaying her sons body. Triumph that it shocked the whole world and it started the civil right movement.  Ã‚   To begin with in 1955 the south was still segregated nowhere more so than Mississippi. Emmett Till, a 14 year old black boy from Chicago, went to visit relatives in Money Mississippi and also wanted to go see his cousins. He did not understand the southern culture nor danger that existed for African American. Although Emmetts mom though it would be a terrible idea, Emmett was really looking forward to it. Indeed she was right, it was a terrible idea (HouckDixon, magazine). Furthermore, according to Pophan, Emmett Till was first abducted from his uncle house because he was visiting and staying there. He was taken at 2 A.M or sometime after. After he was abducted, Emmett was killed especially tortured as well shot, and additionally they burned him. After that those 2 white men decided to hide the fact that they killed Emmett Till. They tied Emmet to a heavy object and threw him down a river nearby. After Emmett uncle report about him missing he was found in a horrible condition in a river. They were sent to court. The court only took 30 min and it was because they wanted a beverage. They were sent off the hook and sent them free. Although they were set off free, Mamie would not let this finish like this (HouckDixon). Emmetts mom demanded Emmetts body to be buried in Chicago. Mamie Till decided on an open coffin, to see what Mississippi did to her child. It was a hard journey for Mamie Till, but she she said that would make it.This funeral shocked the whole world. Millions of people all around the world came to see this funeral. A lot of Negros and even white people were really upset about this. Most people felt like this had gone way to far, so they revolted and took a step. This caused one of the first movement to end racism, this was a bad cause, but it had an amazing effect.

The Cathedral Of Notre Dame - 888 Words

The Cathedral of Notre-Dame in Reims, northeast of Paris near Champagne was the coronation church of the kings of France and was an educational and cultural center. Also built of limestone, the architecture of the Reims Cathedral features Gothic style. It symbolizes an Early Gothic, Radiant Gothic and Flamboyant Gothic. The Reims Cathedral depicts a classic harmonic facade containing four levels. Its interior is defined by its towering heights and narrow proportions, and elaborate sculptural works. Because of the high quality of workmanship and materials used, Reims Cathedral features some of the most beautiful gothic art in existence. Five different cathedrals have been on the site on which Reims cathedral now sits since 401 CE. The current cathedral was built in 1211, after the previous cathedral had burned down. The new building was almost entirely finished by the end of the thirteenth century. 88 gargoyles were counted on the Reims Cathedral and are mainly used to drain of f rainwater and are exceptional pieces of work, but do show the slight difference between Gothic and Romanesque styles. The stained glass windows are a beautiful part of Reims despite being damaged or ruined several times in the 18th century; the cathedral still has many 13th century stained glass windows, in the upper parts of the nave, choir and transept. On the opposite side of the great western portal, the Great Rose Window, dating from the end of the 13th century, represents â€Å"the CrowningShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Notre Dame Cathedral1022 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Notre-Dame Cathedral on the  Ile de la Cite  in  Paris is one of the most recognised Gothic structures of medieval Europe. It is considered a fine example of new architectural strategies of the twelfth century, as well as a symbol of socio-political power of the Catholic Church within this period (Swaan, 1988). Therefore, the cathedrals design and construction highlight advances in art and building strategies throughout the history of European culture. This essay is going to discuss Notre-DameRead MoreA Visit to the Notre Dame Cathedral586 Words   |  2 PagesThe Notre Dame Cathedral is certainly one of the most beautiful locations in the world, as the city of Paris as a whole and the buildings surroundings contribute to making visitors acknowledge the importance of this monument. Construction on the cathedral started in 1163 and was largely finished by 1250, with most of its features emphasizing Gothic influences. The buildings architecture, the sculptures present in it, and the impressive stained glass all stand as reminders that the French communityRead MoreAnalysis : The Hunchback Of Notre Dame816 Words   |  4 PagesHunchback of Notre Dame, pages 85-165 Victor Hugo finishes the background and introduction of the characters and begins the plot by setting up the antagonist. During these pages, Hugo continues to allude to many different historical figures and events, provides vivid descriptions of the Notre Dame cathedral and makes it an important symbol in the book. In The Hunchback of Notre Dame, Hugo gives the reader the first look at the Notre Dame cathedral. Hugo personifies the cathedral by using the wordsRead MoreGothic Cathedrals, Compare and Contrast Two846 Words   |  4 PagesGothic Cathedrals The Gothic style has been the root for some of mankind’s most beautiful works of art. It was introduced by the Romanesque style of building. Romanesque style only lasted for nearly one hundred years before the Gothic style replaced it entirely. Abbot Suger was the founder of the Gothic style. One great form of Gothic architecture was the Notre Dame de Chartres cathedral that was built in France between 1145 and 1513. Another form is the Bourges cathedral, located in BourgesRead MoreComparison and Contrast of Two Gothic Cathedrals Essay625 Words   |  3 PagesComparison and Contrast of Two Gothic Cathedrals Gothic Style is some of the most beautiful works of art that man have ever made. It originated with the Romanesque style of building which lasted for about one hundred years before it was replaced by Gothic styles. The founder of the Gothic style was a man by the name of Abbot Suger. Notre Dame de Chartres cathedral was built in France between 1145 and 1513 and is Gothic architecture. Another Gothic architecture is the Bourges and it isRead MoreThe Sad Theme of the Hunchback of Notre Dame806 Words   |  3 Pages Is always a happy ending? The Hunchback of Notre Dame is a book by Victor Hugo written in 1831. Victor Hugo was born in Besancon, France on February 26, 1802. The Hunchback of Notre Dame is a French Romantic/Gothic genre book. Hunchback of Notre Dame involves around Quasimodo a hunchback. The Hunchback of Notre Dame has many different themes. I believe one of the biggest theme is you shouldnt judge based on appearances. The Hunchback of Notre Dame is a very sad book, but with it being sad thereRead More Saint Sernin Of Toulouse And Notre Dame Of Paris Essay701 Words   |  3 PagesSaint Sernin of Toulouse and Notre Dame of Paris   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When one thinks of St. Sernin and Notre Dame, one tends to think of two beautiful cathedrals, not to churches that portray two totally different styles of architecture. Those two styles are, of course, Romanesque in St. Sernin and the Gothic style of Notre Dame. Some characteristics that these two buildings share include quest for height, basic floor plan, and artistic flair. The period of Romanesque architecture, which lasted roughlyRead MoreNotre Dame Of Chartres And The Temple Of Khonsu1703 Words   |  7 Pages Gloria Morales HUMN 241 Prof. Ho 11/18/2015 Paired Places: Written Assignment Notre Dame of Chartres and the Temple of Khonsu By studying the design of the Norte dame of Chartres cathedral, in France and the Temple of Khonsu located in Egypt. We can emphasize how both buildings relate with each other. The Chartres cathedral and the temple of Khonsu have numerous of connections with other. Although, the structures were built throughout different periods of time and in different locationsRead MoreNotre Dame de Paris3794 Words   |  16 PagesAbstract Notre-Dame of Paris is one of the most prominent cathedrals in the land of Paris and portrays many diversified Gothic characteristics. This research essay will explore the cathedral in detail while emphasizing on the influence of Gothic architecture on the cathedral. Notre-Dame of Paris bears all the structural features of a Gothic cathedral including the famous rose window. By far, the Gothic style has influenced the entire design of Notre-Dame of Pairs. If there were other influencesRead MoreFrance: The Eiffel Tower Essay809 Words   |  4 Pages and Denon wings Notre Dame may not be the largest cathedral in the world, but it certainly is one of the most famous. It lies in the heart of Paris and has always been the religious center of the city. Several people throughout history found religious sanction here. The sacred ground of the Celts was here, the Romans built a temple to worship Jupiter, a Christian basilica was built in the 6th century, and a Romanesque church was built before the construction of the Notre Dame started. In 1163,

Capital Budgeting Analysis of Replacing Existing Product

Question: Discuss about the Capital Budgeting Analysis of Replacing Existing Product. Answer: Introduction Capital Budgeting is the process of determining the profitability of an investment in order to maximize returns on investment. Various techniques are used to decide whether a particular investment should be undertaken. Some of these techniques include NPV, IRR, profitability index, payback period. Depending on the decision rule for the above techniques, an investment project is accepted or rejected. (Peterson, Fabozzi, 2004) Cash Flow Analysis Runwell Corporation is planning to introduce a new line of vehicle parts which will be environment friendly as carbon emission will be reduced. However, the new project will require renovation of an existing section of the factory. The project will have a life of eight years as it is expected that the technological up gradation of the manufacturing process will render the production line obsolete in 10 years. There are various expenditures which the company will have to undertake immediately in order to start the production line like purchase of plant equipment, increase in working capital, renovation of the existing part of the factory. Apart from the initial investment, the project will have annual expenditures related to the project. However, the revenue will start flowing only from the first year. Hence, in order to decide whether to invest in the project or not, a capital budgeting analysis has been carried out which will determine of the project is viable and profitable or not . A cash flow table presenting the various cash inflows and outflows for the project period of 8 years is presented below: Cash Flow 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 No. of boxed sold 48000 48000 48000 48000 48000 48000 48000 48000 Selling price $30 $30 $30 $30 $30 $30 $30 $30 Sales Revenue $14,40,000 $14,40,000 $14,40,000 $14,40,000 $14,40,000 $14,40,000 $14,40,000 $14,40,000 Variable cost $7,20,000 $7,20,000 $7,20,000 $7,20,000 $6,48,000 $6,48,000 $6,48,000 $6,48,000 Fixed cost $1,60,000 $1,60,000 $1,60,000 $1,60,000 $1,60,000 $1,60,000 $1,60,000 $1,60,000 Opportunity cost of rent $30,000 $30,000 $30,000 $30,000 $30,000 $30,000 $30,000 $30,000 Quality assurance inspection $36,000 $36,000 $36,000 $36,000 $36,000 $36,000 $36,000 $36,000 Training expense $18,000 Total Operating cost $9,64,000 $9,46,000 $9,46,000 $9,46,000 $8,74,000 $8,74,000 $8,74,000 $8,74,000 Depreciation $1,30,000 $1,30,000 $1,30,000 $1,30,000 $1,30,000 $1,30,000 $1,30,000 $1,30,000 Net Income $3,46,000 $3,64,000 $3,64,000 $3,64,000 $4,36,000 $4,36,000 $4,36,000 $4,36,000 Tax @30% $1,03,800 $1,09,200 $1,09,200 $1,09,200 $1,30,800 $1,30,800 $1,30,800 $1,30,800 Profit after tax $2,42,200 $2,54,800 $2,54,800 $2,54,800 $3,05,200 $3,05,200 $3,05,200 $3,05,200 Operating cash flow after tax $3,72,200 $3,84,800 $3,84,800 $3,84,800 $4,35,200 $4,35,200 $4,35,200 $4,35,200 Initial Investment $16,67,000 Terminal Value $2,92,000 Net Cash flow -$16,67,000 $3,72,200 $3,84,800 $3,84,800 $3,84,800 $4,35,200 $4,35,200 $4,35,200 $7,27,200 Discount factor@14% 1 0.877 0.769 0.675 0.592 0.519 0.456 0.400 0.351 Present value of cash flows -$16,67,000 $3,26,491 $2,96,091 $2,59,729 $2,27,832 $2,26,029 $1,98,271 $1,73,922 $2,54,927 NPV NPV = $2, 96,293.08 Discounted payback period Year PV of cash flows Cumulative discounted cash flows 0 -$16,67,000 -$16,67,000 1 $3,26,419 -$13,40,581 2 $2,95,911 -$10,44,669 3 $2,59,740 -$7,84,929 4 $2,27,802 -$5,57,128 5 $2,25,869 -$3,31,259 6 $1,98,451 -$1,32,808 7 $1,74,080 $41,272 8 $2,55,247 $2,96,519 Discounted payback period = 6.8 years Working Notes Initial Investment Initial Investment Cost of PE $14,00,000 Renovation cost $1,30,000 Transportation cost $40,000 HR cost $48,000 Increase in working capital $49,000 Total Investment $16,67,000 Depreciation Cost of PE $14,00,000 Transportation costs $40,000 Installation costs $70,000 Total cost of PE $15,10,000 Salvage value $2,10,000 Depreciable amount $13,00,000 Depreciation per annum $1,30,000 Terminal Value Terminal Value Proceeds from sale $2,50,000 Cost of sales $24,000 Net Proceeds $2,26,000 book value of PE $4,70,000 Loss on sale $2,20,000 Tax benefit on loss on sale $66,000 After tax proceeds from sale $2,92,000 Recommendation The project has a positive NPV of $2, 96,293.08.On the basis of the NPV, the project is viable as the present value of future cash flows is more than the cash outflow and the project will give a profit of more than 2 lakhs. Moreover, the company has an option to sell the contract to another company for $200,000. Since the NPV is more than the amount receivable on selling the contract, it is more profitable to introduce the new line of vehicle parts. The company has a required discounted payback period of 5 years. However, the project has a discounted period of 6.8 years which means the company will not be able to recover the original investment before the 6th year. On the basis of the required discounted payback period, the project cannot be accepted. Hence, the company should sell the contract to another company for $200,000. Risk Analysis A company needs to discount its future cash flows in a capital budgeting analysis. The discount rate used to discount such cash flows is a very important phenomenon as a small mistake in selecting the appropriate discount rate may result in huge differences in the analysis results. Hence, it is important to select a discount rate which accounts for the risk of the project. WACC of a company is considered to be the ideal discount rate for projects having risks similar to that of the existing business of the company. WACC is the minimum required rate of return for the investors. It is a sum of the cost of equity and cost of debt of a company. The capital structure of a company consists of debt and equity. Hence, a rate of return which accounts for both the sources of finance is the cost of capital. WACC is ideal for investment proposals with similar business risks like an investment proposal of a cloth trader to open a new store in a new location. Here since the business risk is the same; it is advisable to take WACC as the discount rate. However, for the current project proposal, WACC is not the ideal discount rate because the project has a risk higher than the normal course of business. The project is a technology driven one where the new production line will produce vehicle parts that will be environment friendly and reduce carbon emission. However, in a competitive world where technology seems to be ever changing, it is expected that the production process will become obsolete and hence the project will have to be closed. The risk of the technology up-gradation is very high and as such it is important to account for the higher risk in the discount factor. If the technology up-gradation takes place before the expected period of eight years, then the company will have to immediately stop the new production process as the vehicle part will no longer be saleable. A higher discount rate will ensure that higher cash flows are generated in order to recover the initial investment in the project life as with higher discoun t rate the present values will decrease and as such higher cash flows will be required to recover investment. The discount factor will have to be increased. An increase in the discount factor will lead to a reduction in the present value of cash flows and as such the NPV of the project will decrease. (Landier, Thesmar, Kruger, 2011) With WACC as the discount rate, the project has a discounted payback period of more than 5 years, so with an increase in the discount rate, the discounted payback period will further increase and the NPV will fall making the project unacceptable. References Peterson, P., Fabozzi, F.J, (2004), Capital Budgeting : Theory and Practice, Wiley Finance Kruger, P., Landier, A., Thesmar, D., (2011), The WACC Fallacy: The Real Effects of Using a Unique Discount Rate

Report on Reading and Writing

Educational research on reading and writing has revealed valuable information about recent discussion of reading problems as well as effective strategies for improving this situation. In particular, much research has been done to evaluate such problems as reading approaches to children with disabilities.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Report on Reading and Writing specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Many programs have been developed for fostering children’s adjustment to particular reading instructions. In addition, the National Right to Read Foundation (n. d.) provides the examination of the programs on reading recovery whose major mission lies in evaluating the major effects of whole-language tutorial program (Federally Funded Research, n. d.). More importantly, reading recovery program also strives to unveil the program is efficiency and implementation is not justified. Finally, educational research has also been dedicated to the discussion of reading models and theoretical frameworks that should be used to improve educational techniques. While analyzing the history of reading, it purposefully to discuss this aspect from different points of view, beginning with history of reading and ending with contemporary achievements in this field. In order to examine the historical development of reading, it is necessary to refer to the analysis and definition of spoken language and human communication and consider reading a necessity to sharing and retaining information (A Brief History of Reading, n. d.). Examining such historical issues as the development of phonetic system and the invention of alphabet allows teachers to better understand what strategies and techniques should be applied to ameliorate children’s reading comprehension. In addition, a thorough investigation of reading history also helps realize the importance of reading as a means of information comprehension. While co mparing past achievements in reading and writing with the contemporary ones involving electronic and digital introductions to reading activities, it is worth saying that technology has greatly contributed to the development of reading techniques.Advertising Looking for report on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Report on Literacy Statistics According to the National Assessment of Adult Literary statistics (1990), more than 19.000 adults take part in state-level and national evaluations representing the US adult population. The evaluation provides the results from a 1992-2003 period to pursue the shifts in adult literacy. The National Assessment of Adult Literacy also presents the information on the literacy performance and background characteristics to policy makers, practitioners, and researchers. The Literacy research involves a list of components that cover the extent of adult literacy in the USA. In particular, i t is based on background questionnaire that helps define the connection between adult literacy and demographic characteristics. Further, the research involves the prison component that evaluates the literacy skills of adults in state and federal prisons. Such aspect as health literacy is also crucial in assessing the adults’ abilities to apply their literacy skills for understanding health-related materials and forms. Other research has been conducted assess the educational progress (National Assessment of Educational Progress, 1990). The project is aimed at evaluating students’ abilities in different subject areas, particularly in reading, writing, science, mathematics, the arts, economics, civics, and the US history. The research discloses the results in instructional experiences, subject-matter achievements and school environment. It should be stressed that the National Assessment of Educational Progress (1990) does not reveal the results of separate students, but p rovides the scores of particular groups. In addition, while conducting research, the Committee has chosen particular groups for analysis due to the fact that those groups constitute special interest to the examination. Reference List A Brief History of Reading. (n. d.). Live Link. Retrieved from http://www.liveink.com/whatis/history.htm Federally Funded Research (n. d.). The National Right to Read Foundation. Retrieved from http://www.liveink.com/whatis/history.htmAdvertising We will write a custom report sample on Report on Reading and Writing specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More National Assessment of Adult Literacy (1990). National Center for Educational Statistics. Retrieved from https://nces.ed.gov/naal/ National Assessment of Educational Progress (1990). National Center for Educational Statistics. Retrieved from https://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/ This report on Report on Reading and Writing was written and submitted by user Luciano N. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on The Yearling

After the Civil War many men moved to the scrubs. One of those men was Penny Baxter, who moved to a place in the scrubs called Baxter’s Island. He settled there and started a family. He had a wife who goes by Ma, and a son named Jody. Jody’s maturity is shown throughout one year, through different events, in the novel called The Yearling. In the early stages of the book Jody spends his time avoiding his chores, and having fun instead. â€Å"He [Penny] was doing Jody’s work, and in his good coat†(9). Although, it seemed not always to be Jody’s fault that he did not do his work, but some blame could be put on Penny. â€Å"’Men-folks has got to stick together in the name o’ peace’†(11). Penny remembers what it’s like to be a kid, there is just one rule, to act like a kid. Jody did eventually mature enough to do his chores around the house. â€Å"’ Look at him [Jody] move,’ his mother said. ‘To see him hoe, you’d think he was a snail. Say â€Å"huntin†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ ‘ and he’s as quick as an otter’†. (29) Besides hunting, something else motivated Jody to be responsible; Flag. Flag was a fawn that Jody found and raised by himself. Jody was extremely proud of Flag, although Flag was a bit rambunctious toward the end of the book, ruining the only crops the Baxter’s had to eat. This was a serious matter because there was no more hunting to be done at this point, hunting season had ended and the crops and the little meat were suppost to get them through the winter. Throughout the past year, Jody is maturing with each coming day. Different events also guided Jody on the right path to becoming a man. For instance, the death of Fodder-wing. This was a horrible tragedy in this story, yet w if it had not happened, Jody would not have had that motivation to take on more responsibility as he grew older. â€Å"’I come to see Fodder-wing. I come to show him my fawn’. . .’Buck said, ï ¿ ½... Free Essays on The Yearling Free Essays on The Yearling After the Civil War many men moved to the scrubs. One of those men was Penny Baxter, who moved to a place in the scrubs called Baxter’s Island. He settled there and started a family. He had a wife who goes by Ma, and a son named Jody. Jody’s maturity is shown throughout one year, through different events, in the novel called The Yearling. In the early stages of the book Jody spends his time avoiding his chores, and having fun instead. â€Å"He [Penny] was doing Jody’s work, and in his good coat†(9). Although, it seemed not always to be Jody’s fault that he did not do his work, but some blame could be put on Penny. â€Å"’Men-folks has got to stick together in the name o’ peace’†(11). Penny remembers what it’s like to be a kid, there is just one rule, to act like a kid. Jody did eventually mature enough to do his chores around the house. â€Å"’ Look at him [Jody] move,’ his mother said. ‘To see him hoe, you’d think he was a snail. Say â€Å"huntin†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ ‘ and he’s as quick as an otter’†. (29) Besides hunting, something else motivated Jody to be responsible; Flag. Flag was a fawn that Jody found and raised by himself. Jody was extremely proud of Flag, although Flag was a bit rambunctious toward the end of the book, ruining the only crops the Baxter’s had to eat. This was a serious matter because there was no more hunting to be done at this point, hunting season had ended and the crops and the little meat were suppost to get them through the winter. Throughout the past year, Jody is maturing with each coming day. Different events also guided Jody on the right path to becoming a man. For instance, the death of Fodder-wing. This was a horrible tragedy in this story, yet w if it had not happened, Jody would not have had that motivation to take on more responsibility as he grew older. â€Å"’I come to see Fodder-wing. I come to show him my fawn’. . .’Buck said, ï ¿ ½...

How to Use Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)

How to Use Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) A Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) is a written document that provides product users and emergency personnel with information and procedures needed for handling and working with chemicals. MSDSs have been around, in one form or another, since the time of the ancient Egyptians. Although MSDS formats vary somewhat between countries and authors (an international MSDS format is documented in ANSI Standard Z400.1-1993), they generally outline the physical and chemical properties of the product, describe potential hazards associated with the substance (health, storage cautions, flammability, radioactivity, reactivity, etc.), prescribe emergency actions, and often include manufacturer identification, address, MSDS date, and emergency phone numbers. Key Takeaways: Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) A Material Safety Data Sheet or is a summary of the key properties of a substance and the hazards associated with its use.Material Safety Data sheets are not standardized, so its important to consult one provided by a respected source.Two chemicals that have the same name may have very different MSDS sheets because the particle size of the product and its purity may significantly affect its properties.MSDS sheets should be kept in an easy-to-find location and made accessible to all persons dealing with chemicals. Why Should I Care About a MSDS? Although MSDSs are targeted at workplaces and emergency personnel, any consumer can benefit from having important product information available. An MSDS provides information about proper storage of a substance, first aid, spill response, safe disposal, toxicity, flammability, and additional useful material. MSDSs are not limited to reagents used for chemistry, but are provided for most substances, including common household products such as cleaners, gasoline, pesticides, certain foods, drugs, and office and school supplies. Familiarity with MSDSs allows for precautions to be taken for potentially dangerous products; seemingly safe products may be found to contain unforeseen hazards. Where Do I Find Material Safety Data Sheets? In many countries, employers are required to maintain MSDSs for their workers, so a good place to locate MSDSs is on the job. Also, some products intended for consumer use are sold with MSDSs enclosed. College and university chemistry departments will maintain MSDSs on many chemicals. However, if you are reading this article online then you have easy access to thousands of MSDSs via the internet. There are links to MSDS databases from this site. Many companies have MSDSs for their products available online via their websites. Since the point of an MSDS is to make hazard information available to consumers and since copyrights dont tend to apply to restrict distribution, MSDS are widely available. Certain MSDSs, such as those for drugs, may be more difficult to obtain, but are still available upon request. To locate an MSDS for a product you will need to know its name. Alternate names for chemicals are often provided on the MSDS, but there is no standardized naming of substances. The  chemical name  or  specific name  is used most often to find MSDSs for health effects and protective measures.  IUPAC  (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) conventions are used more often than  common names.  Synonyms  are often listed on MSDSs.The  molecular formula  may be used to locate a chemical of known composition.You can usually search  for substance using  its  CAS (Chemical Abstracts Service)  registry number.  Different chemicals  may have the same name, but each will have its own CAS number.Sometimes the easiest way to locate a product is to search by  manufacturer.Products may be found using their  US Defense Department NSN. A National Supply Number is a four-digit FSC class code number plus a nine-digit National Item Identification Number or NIIN.A  trade name  or  product name  is the brand, commercial, or marketing name the manufacturer gives the product. It does not specify what chemicals are in the pr oduct or whether the product is a mixture of chemicals or a single chemical. A  generic name  or  chemical family name  describes a group of chemicals with related physical and chemical properties. Sometimes an MSDS will list only the generic name of a product, although in most countries laws require that chemical names also be listed. How Do I Use a MSDS? An MSDS might appear to be intimidating and technical, but the information is not intended to be difficult to understand. You might simply scan an MSDS to see if any warnings or hazards are delineated. If the content is difficult to understand there are online MSDS glossaries to help define any unfamiliar words and often contact information for further explanations. Ideally you would read an MSDS before obtaining a product so that you could prepare proper storage and handling. More often, MSDSs are read after a product is purchased. In this case, you can scan the MSDS for any safety precautions, health effects, storage cautions, or disposal instructions. MSDSs often list symptoms that might indicate exposure to the product. An MSDS is an excellent resource to consult when a product has been spilled or a person has been exposed to the product (ingested, inhaled, spilled on skin). The instructions on an MSDS do not replace those of a health care professional, but can be helpful emergen cy situations. When consulting an MSDS, keep in mind that few substances are pure forms of molecules, so the content of an MSDS will depend on the manufacturer. In other words, two MSDSs for the same chemical may contain different information, depending on the impurities of the substance or the method used in its preparation. Important Information Material Safety Data Sheets are not created equal. Theoretically, MSDSs can be written by pretty much anyone (although there is some liability involved), so the information is only as accurate as the authors references and understanding of the data. According to a 1997 study by OSHA one expert panel review established that only 11% of the MSDSs were found to be accurate in all of the following four areas: health effects, first aid, personal protective equipment, and exposure limits. Further, the  health effects  data on the MSDSs frequently are incomplete and the chronic data are often incorrect or less complete than the acute data. This doesnt mean that MSDSs are useless, but it does indicate that information needs to be used with caution and that MSDSs should be obtained from trustworthy and reliable sources. The bottom line: Respect the chemicals you use. Know their hazards and plan your response to an emergency before it happens!

Globalisation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Globalisation - Essay Example The opportunity hidden in globalisation has led to the development of globalisation. The first opportunity that globalisation provides us free trade facility and its resultant effect on the global economy (Milward, 2003, p.10). Free trade would lead to an increase in the trade which would increase the financial flows between various economies. Globalisation would result in an increase in free trade which would increase lateral financial flows and the redistributed capital would help to pull up the impoverished countries from their financial woes. The second opportunity provided by globalisation in development of a transnational framework which would help in the development of a smooth trade system. The origin of internationalisation of industry and commerce can derived from both macroeconomic approach and micro economic approach. The macro economics approach consists of expansion of firms' activities beyond the countries where they have their registered offices can be explained with the help of international division of labour theory and the huge circuits of capital. A micro economic approach deals with the theory of product life cycle and Dunning Eclectic Paradigm (Hansen, 2009, p.3). Nation’s now have less control over their individual industries and economies so the global network is assuming more control over the markets around the world. The global network must keep in mind the welfare of both the global community and the individual nations. Globalisation refers to the intensification of the relationship between various countries which has been set with the help of internationalisation. Foreign Direct Investment involves transfer of intangible or tangible assets from one country to another in order to generate wealth in that country through total or partial control over their assets (Sornarajah, 2010, p.8). Foreign Direct Investment is one of the key elements of the rapidly evolving international economy. This is also referred as globalisation. Fore ign Direct Investment helps to create a stable, long lasting and direct link between economies. Under a correct environmental policy the Foreign Direct Investment can serve as an important tool for the purpose of development of local enterprise. Foreign Direct Investment helps in economic development of the developing countries. The level of economic development is higher in the case of FDI than in licensing, franchising or exporting (Jones and Wren, 2006, p.9). Foreign Direct Investment infers when a group of companies or individuals of one country buy assets of another country (OECD, 2009, p.14). The acquisition of the assets happen when foreign companies or individuals to control the means of production as well as distribution. Example- a company in US can purchase a production facility in Australia. By acquiring the production facility in Australia, the corporation can control the entire production process from US. This would help to ensure the quality of the product. A foreign direct investor can have a varying amount of stake in the company invested by him. FDI indicates at least 10% ownership in a company which helps the investor to control the daily affairs of the company as compared to licensing, export and franchising where very control can be exerted (Cohen, 2007, p.38). Some countries have a cap on the equity investment in their country. FDI helps in generating economic growth for a country so it preferred over licensing, franchising and exporting (Neuhaus, 2006, p.42). People who buy stocks in the company own a part of the company and have the ability to control the affairs of the co

None Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 20

None - Essay Example of the high demand for iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 plus, the Apple Inc chief executive, Time Cook, and the management decided to delay the production of an extra-large iPad. It seems that the leadership did not want to overwork its supplier while they were still trying to meet the demand of their customer on another product. According to the Wall Street Journal unnamed source from one of Apple’s suppliers said that the 5.5- inch iPhone 6 plus output remains unsatisfactory. Splitting resources among the display makers would be challenging in producing a large screen iPad at the moment (Luk and Wakabayashi 1). Therefore, it is a significant understanding by the Apple management for allowing its suppliers to push the production of the large screen iPad. They were well aware of the challenge the company is facing in hiring enough factory employees who will assemble the new iPhone in some of its suppliers’ branches. In an organization, there are different individuals trying to accomplish as a specific goal, but working on different tasks. Therefore, organizational behavior is how these individuals or groups are working together within an organization. The idea is focusing on the best way to manage the workers, organization and processes. It is based on the idea of what are employees’ motivated by and why does it motivate them. Managers and supervisors can accomplish organizational goals by defining goals, motivating staff and monitoring performance (Schmermerhorn, Hunt & Osborn 63). With the information that a manager gathers in the organization, he or she is able to make a decision. Therefore, managerial control of the management over the organization is a very significant part of organizational behavior. It includes the decision process by the management of an organization in choosing a course of action to deal with an issue or opportunity. In this case, Apple Inc. Decided to delay the production of a large-screen iPad and instead produce iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 plus

Investigating Resistance Essay Example for Free

Investigating Resistance Essay Resistance is a property of a substance that conducts electricity. Resistance opposes the flow of electricity through conductors and it depends on the PHYSICAL NATURE of the particular conductor. In this investigation I must investigate how one of these physical facts affects the resistance. I will split my investigation into four parts, I will firstly plan my investigation. This will allow me to explain how I will carry out my investigation and predict what I think will happen. The second part of my investigation will be the obtaining part. To complete this I must carry out my investigation and record the results. I will then be able to say if my prediction was correct. The third part will be analyzing the results I have made. This will allow me to draw conclusions. The fourth and final part will be evaluating my investigation, I will say if it could have been improved and if it worked as expected. APPARATUS I will need a Digital ammeter and a digital voltmeter because the readings given are a lot closer than with an analog one. I will need just over a meter of 0. 19mm thick nichrome, a meter stick, a power supply, some wires and two crocodile clips PLANNING I have been given a piece of wire called Nichrome, which has a thickness of 0.19mm. I will connect this into the circuit using crocodile clips, I will stretch the wire across a meter stick and connect one crocodile clip at 0cm and one at 10 cm, I will record a reading from both the ammeter and the voltmeter, I will then move the crocodile clip which is on 10cm to 20 cm and again take a reading from both the ammeter and the voltmeter before recording the results into a table. The variable for my experiment will be the length so to keep it a fair test I must use 10 cm jumps each time, use the same metal each time meaning it must be Nichrome of 0. 19mm. I will eventually have a full table of results ranging from 10cm to 100cm. PREDICTION I predict that as the length of the wire increases, the resistance will increase. I predict this will happen because Resistance is due to the atoms in the wire. The electric charges will collide with the atoms, slowing them down. If the wire is longer, then there are more atoms in the way of the charges so the resistance will increase. The resistance will depend directly on the number of atoms in the wire. I have indicated in the rough graph below on what I think will happen and what it will then look like on the graph. RESULTS Results below are first set recorded Length Of Wire Current Voltage Resistance CMSecond set will now be recorded before finding the eventual average Results below are Second set recorded Length of wire Current Voltage Resistance CM (A) (V) (Ohms) The table below shows the average of the results allowing me to plot the graph. It shows the average resistances Temperature Resistance results 1 Resistance results 2 Average Resistance CM (Ohms) (Ohms) (Ohms) . I will now go on to plot the graph before recording my conclusion. Conclusion After recording my results and plotting the graph I can say that my prediction was correct. This shows that resistance is greater the longer the wire is because there will be more atoms for the electrical charges to hit the atoms and get slowed down. From what my results say I am willing to predict that if I had a thicker piece of Nichrome say 0. 37mm thick then the resistance would be even greater because not only will the length give more resistance but now that it is thicker will mean there will be space for more atoms.

Middle Ages :: essays research papers fc

The Christian Crusades Positively Impacted the East and the West Even though countless numbers of people died during the Christian Crusades, there were many positive effects for both the East and the West. After the Crusades halted, various trade routes opened up between Eastern and Western cities. Also, the Muslims developed new military strategies and techniques during the fights with the Europeans, and they united themselves against one cause, producing a stronger religious nation (Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica, 1993). Numerous effects of the Christian Crusades in the Middle East had a positive outcome. In John Child's book, The Crusades, he quotes J. Kerr as claiming that the "most obvious result of the crusades" was a growth in "trade with the east". According to a 1996 AP article printed in the Jerusalem Post, the English word "sugar" comes from the Arabic "sukkar", and "scallion" comes from "Ascalon", a Philistine city. Trade extended from England to the Black Sea, going through the ports of Beirut, Acre and Alexandria. After the loss of Acre in 1291, Cyprus, Rhodes and Crete were the three Mediterranean islands that composed some of the main crusader trading centers. From these three islands it was possible to control goods' ships traveling to and from the Middle East (Child, 1994). These trade routes generated a beneficial contact between the cultures of East and West. Many merchants from the cities of Venice and Genoa settled in Cyprus and Crete. From the Muslims these merchants bought spices, sugar, cloth and cotton. Other merchants from Sicily and Aragorn traded for Tunisian gold, and Algerian wool and animal skins. Popular goods traded from the Middle East were sugar, melons, cotton, ultramarine dye and damask cloth. Although the Pope tried to stop merchants from trading with the Muslims, he had to repeal his embargo in 1344. Though most of the traded goods came from the Middle East, the com bined efforts from both East and West brought about many inventions, such as windmills, compasses, gunpowder and clocks. Figure 1 This trade between East and West caused prosperity among the people. Child states in his book that the merchants made "a lot of money" out of the trade with the Muslim people. After the Crusades had terminated, these merchants were able to prosper from trade between Europe and the Middle East. Outlined in Figure 1 are some trade routes utilized after the Crusades. During the Crusades, the Muslims used weaponry that the Franks were not familiar with.

Accounting and Finance For Business Essay

While these tutorial tasks MUST be submitted individually, you are encourage to work through these tasks together with the other members of your team, both during this week’s tutorial and in your own time. This is a good opportunity to ensure that all members of your group can calculate a breakeven point before and after-tax, a margin of safety and make a managerial decision regarding the addition of a new product (in this tutorial exercise, the addition of a new route). All answers must be inserted into the on-line form provided in LMS titled, â€Å"Topic 9 Tutorial Exercises†. Kangaroo Airlines Kangaroo Airlines in small local carrier located in the Kimberly region of Western Australia. All seats are economy class and the following data is available: 1.What is the break-even point in number of passengers per month? 30000 2.What is the break-even point in sales revenue dollars per month? 2100000 3.What is the break-even point in number of flights per month (round up)? 334 4.If Kangaroo Airline currently has on average 40,000 passengers per month what is Kangaroo Airline’s margin of safety in number of passengers? 5.If Kangaroo Airlines raises its average full passenger fare to $85 and the  average variable costs per passenger will remain at $30, it is estimated that the load factor will decrease to 60 percent. What will be the break-even point in number of flights (round up)? 6.The cost of aviation fuel is a significant variable cost to any airline. If fuel charges increase by $8 per barrel, it is estimated that variable cost per passenger will increase to $40 however that average full passenger fare will remain at the original $70 per passenger as will the original load factor of 75 percent. What will be the new break-even point in number of passengers? 7.The cost of aviation fuel is a significant variable cost to any airline. If fuel charges increase by $8 per barrel, it is estimated that variable cost per passenger will increase to $40 however the average full passenger fare will remain at the original $70 per passenger as will the original load factor of 75%. What will be the new break-even point in number of passengers? What will be the new break-even point in number of flights (round up)? 8.Kangaroo Airlines has experienced an increase in average variable cost per passenger to $35 and an increase in fixed costs to $1,500,000. Kangaroo Airlines has decided to increase the average full passenger fare to $80. How many of passengers are needed to generate an after-tax profit of $400,000, if the company tax rate is 30 percent (round up)?

Abraham Lincoln and the Suspension of Habeas Corpus

Founding father Benjamin Franklin famously said â€Å"Those who would give up Essential Liberty, to purchase a little temporary Safety, deserve neither Liberty nor Safety and will lose both. † Civil Liberties are rights and freedoms that protect an individual from the state. Civil liberties set limits on the government so that its agents cannot abuse their power and interfere unduly with the lives of private citizens.In America, the founding fathers fought hard for civil liberties during the revolutionary war, and outlined all of them in the Bill of Rights. Abraham Lincoln is considered to be one of the greatest presidents in American history. Lincoln was the father of the civil war, and risked so much in order to insure slavery would be put to an end. While Lincoln is usually talked about in a positive light, he actually violated many civil liberties during the civil war.During the Civil War, Lincoln appropriated powers no previous President had wielded: he used his war power s to proclaim a blockade, suspended the writ of habeas corpus, spent money before Congress appropriated it, and imprisoned between 15,000 and 18,000 suspected Confederate sympathizers without trial. The biggest suspension of civil liberties in the history of the United States was Lincoln suspending the writ of habeas corpus. Habeas Corpus is a legal action, through which a person can seek relief from unlawful detention, or the relief of another person.The writ of habeas corpus protects persons from harming themselves, or from being harmed by the judicial system. Lincoln suspended habeas corpus in order to arrest war protesters under military authority; Lincoln did this because he believed state courts would not punish war protestors properly. While Lincoln overall was a great president, he clearly did abuse the power of the presidency during the Civil War. Lincoln suspended habeas corpus without the approval of congress and no one was even consulted to see if a violation of an impor tant civil liberty was worth suspending.While Lincoln suspended habeas corpus in order to stop protesters from creating a riot or even a counter coalition in the union, suspending civil liberties is never justified, even in times of war. The founding fathers of America fought hard and preached about inalienable rights that all people in America should have. In the constitution Article one Section nine clearly states: The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended. Even though Lincoln was president, he should have never messed with the constitution, the most important document in America.

Brighton Beach Memoirs essays

Brighton Beach Memoirs essays Brighten Beach Memoirs is a play that is based on a family who is living in Brooklyn, New York and dealing with the trials of being a family in the 1930s. Throughout the book we are shown the uncertainties in life that the family is forced to live with everyday. The characters in the play are forced to awaken to things about themselves that they were unaware of. In Brighten Beach Memoirs Eugene awakens to the facts about his feelings about his brother Stanley, and Kate awakens to the fact that she has feelings that are negative about her sister Blanche. An awakening is an opening for the characters to discover something new about themselves. The first part of Brighten Beach Memoirs shows where Eugene was unaware about his real feelings for his brother. He didnt realize that he needed his brother to be part of his life in order to make it successfully through life. An example of this is when Stanley comes home from his job and tells Eugene how he has lost his job. " Me and my boss had other things to talk about. Im in trouble, Eug. I mean really big trouble. I got fired today!." (23) This quote shows you when Stanley has come home and tells Eugene about his problems. Stanley doesnt tell his parents first, he tells Eugene that shows you the growing of their relationship with each other. After Stanley states that Eugene tries to help him to find out what he should do. Eugene begins to awaken to the fact that he needs Stanley to learn from and that Stanley is beginning to show that he needs Eugene too. When Stanley decides he is going to write the letter to his boss he goes to Eugene again to ask him if he will help him to write the letter with him. Stanley needs the help with writing the letter to his boss because he isnt as intellectually smart as Eugene is. He goes to Eugene to ask him to help. ...You want to help me? Youre good at those things. (73) This is showing that Stanley ne...

Modules, Structures, and Classes

Modules, Structures, and Classes There are just three ways to organize a VB.NET application. ModulesStructuresClasses But most technical articles assume that you already know all about them. If youre one of the many who still have a few questions, you could just read past the confusing bits and try to figure it out anyway. And if you have a lot of time, you can start searching through Microsofts documentation: A Module is a portable executable file, such as type.dll or application.exe, consisting of one or more classes and interfaces.A Class statement defines a new data type.The Structure statement defines a composite value type that you can customize. Right, then. Any questions? To be a bit more fair to Microsoft, they have pages and pages (and more pages) of information about all of these that you can wade through. And they have to be as exact as possible because they set the standard. In other words, Microsofts documentation sometimes reads like a law book because it is a law book. But if youre just learning .NET, it can be very confusing! You have to start somewhere. Understanding the three fundamental ways that you can write code in VB.NET is a good place to start. You can write VB.NET code using any of these three forms. In other words, you can create a Console Application in VB.NET Express and write: Module Module1  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sub Main()  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  MsgBox(This is a Module!)  Ã‚  Ã‚  End SubEnd ModuleClass Class1  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sub Main()  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  MsgBox(This is a Class)  Ã‚  Ã‚  End SubEnd ClassStructure Struct1  Ã‚  Ã‚  Dim myString As String  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sub Main()  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  MsgBox(This is a Structure)  Ã‚  Ã‚  End SubEnd Structure This doesnt make any sense as a program, of course. The point is that you dont get a syntax error so its legal VB.NET code. These three forms are the only way to code the queen bee root of all of .NET: the object. The only element that interrupts the symmetry of the three forms is the statement: Dim myString As String. That has to do with a Structure being a composite data type as Microsoft states in their definition. Another thing to notice is that all three blocks have a Sub Main() in them. One of the most fundamental principals of OOP is usually called encapsulation. This is the black box effect. In other words, you should be able to treat each object independently and that includes using identically named subroutines if you want to. Classes Classes are the right place to start because, as Microsoft notes, A class is a fundamental building block of object-oriented programming (OOP). In fact, some authors treat modules and structures as just special kinds of classes. A class is more object oriented than a module because its possible to instantiate (make a copy of) a class but not a module. In other words, you can code ... Public Class Form1  Ã‚  Ã‚  Private Sub Form1_Load( _  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ByVal sender As System.Object, _  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ByVal e As System.EventArgs) _  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Handles MyBase.Load  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Dim myNewClass As Class1 New Class1  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  myNewClass.ClassSub()  Ã‚  Ã‚  End SubEnd Class (The class instantiation is emphasized.) It doesnt matter whether the actual class itself, in this case, ... Public Class Class1  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sub ClassSub()  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  MsgBox(This is a class)  Ã‚  Ã‚  End SubEnd Class ... is in a file by itself or is part of the same file with the Form1 code. The program runs exactly the same way. (Notice that Form1 is a class too.) You can also write class code that behaves much like a module, that is, without instantiating it. This is called a Shared class. The article Static (that is, Shared) versus Dynamic Types in VB.NET explains this in much more detail. Another fact about classes should also be kept in mind. Members (properties and methods) of the class only exist while the instance of the class exists. The name for this is scoping. That is, the scope of an instance of a class is limited. The code above can be changed to illustrate this point this way: Public Class Form1  Ã‚  Ã‚  Private Sub Form1_Load( _  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ByVal sender As System.Object, _  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ByVal e As System.EventArgs) _  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Handles MyBase.Load  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Dim myNewClass As Class1 New Class1  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  myNewClass.ClassSub()  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  myNewClass Nothing  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  myNewClass.ClassSub()  Ã‚  Ã‚  End SubEnd Class When the second myNewClass.ClassSub() statement is executed, a NullReferenceException error is thrown because the ClassSub member doesnt exist. Modules In VB  6, it was common to see programs where most of the code was in a module (A .BAS, file rather than, for instance, in a Form file such as Form1.frm.) In VB.NET, both modules and classes are in .VB files. The main reason modules are included in VB.NET is to give programmers a way to organize their systems by putting code in different places to fine tune the scope and access for their code. (That is, how long members of the module exist and what other code can reference and use the members.) Sometimes, you may want to put code into separate modules just to make it easier to work with. All VB.NET modules are Shared because they cant be instantiated (see above) and they can be marked Friend or Public so they can be accessed either within the same assembly or whenever theyre referenced. Structures Structures are the least understood of the three forms of objects. If we were talking about animals instead of objects,  the structure would be an Aardvark. The big difference between a structure and a class is that a structure is a value type and a class is a reference type. What does that mean? Im so glad you asked. A value type is an object that is stored directly in memory. An Integer is a good example of a value type. If you declared an Integer in your program like this ... Dim myInt as Integer 10 ... and you checked the memory location stored in myInt, you would find the value 10. You also see this described as being allocated on the stack. The stack and the heap are simply different ways of managing the use of computer memory. A reference type is an object where the location of the object is stored in memory. So finding a value for a reference type is always a two step lookup. A String is a good example of a reference type. If you declared a String like this ... Dim myString as String This is myString ... and you checked the memory location stored in myString, you would find another memory location (called a pointer - this way of doing things is the very heart of C style languages). You would have to go to that location to find the value This is myString. This is often called being allocated on the heap. The stack and the heap Some authors say that value types arent even objects and only reference types can be objects. Its certainly true that the sophisticated object characteristics like inheritance and encapsulation are only possible with reference types. But we started this whole article by saying that there were three forms for objects so I have to accept that structures are some sort of object, even if theyre non-standard objects. The programming origins of structures go back to file-oriented languages like Cobol. In those languages, data was normally processed as sequential flat files. The fields in a record from the file were described by a data definition section (sometimes called a record layout or a copybook). So, if a record from the file contained: 1234567890ABCDEF9876 The only way you would know that 1234567890 was a phone number, ABCDEF was an ID and 9876 was $98.76 was through the data definition. Structures help you accomplish this in VB.NET. Structure Structure1  Ã‚  Ã‚  VBFixedString(10) Dim myPhone As String  Ã‚  Ã‚  VBFixedString(6) Dim myID As String  Ã‚  Ã‚  VBFixedString(4) Dim myAmount As StringEnd Structure Because a String is a reference type, its necessary to keep the length the same with the VBFixedString attribute for fixed length records. You can find an extended explanation of this attribute and attributes in general in the article Attributes in VB .NET. Although structures are non-standard objects, they do have a lot of capability in VB.NET. You can code methods, properties, and even events, and event handlers in structures, but you can also use more simplified code and because theyre value types, processing can be faster. For example, you could recode the structure above like this: Structure Structure1  Ã‚  Ã‚  VBFixedString(10) Dim myPhone As String  Ã‚  Ã‚  VBFixedString(6) Dim myID As String  Ã‚  Ã‚  VBFixedString(4) Dim myAmount As String  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sub mySub()  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  MsgBox(This is the value of myPhone: myPhone)  Ã‚  Ã‚  End SubEnd Structure And use it like this: Dim myStruct As Structure1myStruct.myPhone 7894560123myStruct.mySub() Its worth your time to play around with structures a bit and learn what they can do. Theyre one of the odd corners of VB.NET that can be a magic bullet when you need it.

My Media Uses and Gratification Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

My Media Uses and Gratification - Essay Example In other words, people from all walks of life seek to gratify their needs in line with surveillance or information, personal identity, personal relationships or integration and social interaction, and diversion or entertainment (Marris and Thornham 258). All of these are integral parts of my media uses and gratification discussed in the following sections. Presented in this paper is the analysis of how my media use can illustrate the uses and gratifications theory with alternate perspective of magic bullet theory. Watching television Uses and gratifications theory There are many reasons why I need to watch television. I have personal desires that could be addressed if I watch the television. I could be entertained. It can relax me at some certain level and it is a form of recreation activity for me, and including the people around. In other words, television can address my affective needs which include emotions and pleasures. People have varying emotional needs and watching televisio n seems to gratify them. The very example is watching television that may substantially result to emotional release or sexual arousal. People can cry with sentimental soup opera or be sexually aroused with TV programs with depiction of highly erotic scenes. The above illustration shows that watching television is a form of activity that gratifies one’s specific needs as motivated by personal desire. This also shows that people have significant things to do with television based on gratifying their needs. There are different reasons or intentions why watching television is a must for some people. At some point, television could be a source of information like TV news report or weather forecast, current affairs and live events around the world including popular sports. As for me, watching television is also a source of information. I watch television in order to be also updated with the current economic, political and social status of the country and around the world. In other words, television also helps me gratify my cognitive needs. Magic bullet theory These are specific things I need from watching television, but along the way there are also other things that I encountered which are not integral parts of my needs. For example, commercial advertisements give me specific idea about the latest trend in fashion. Although I also have personal integrative needs, I am not expecting to find them out from watching television. Watching commercial advertisements from television increases my ideas on the latest fashion trends, diet techniques and many more. In other words, it is in this aspect that I am being influenced by the television because it was not my desire to find my needs for fashion trend or diet in there. This is the main point of the magic bullet theory, which states that the audience is substantially influenced by the media due to their being passive and communication has powerful effect on attitudes and behaviors (Kelly 352). It is therefore impor tant to point out that apart from my personal needs as what motivate me to watch television; there are other personal needs that could be addressed by it outside of my innermost desire or intention. It is at this point that television has substantially influenced me not because of my desire to find my needs fulfilled by it, but because it has specifically just informed me beyond my desire

Corporate finace Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Corporate finace - Essay Example Online Travel Portal Limited used to be the former name of Opodo Limited prior to July 2001. It is a subsidiary of Amadeus IT Holding, South Africa. However, it is based in London, UK and was incorporated in the year 2000. The Financial Times reported that Permira Advisers Ltd. and AXA Private Equity seem to join hands together for the purpose of buying Opodo Limited from Amadeus IT Holding SA at the cost of â‚ ¬500 million that is equal to USD 682.5 million. The prime objective of the planned buyout is to develop the best online booking services provider through merging the Opodo Limited with the eFreame and Go Voyages SA. Also, the American Carlyle Group has shown some intend to buy Opodo limited due to which the bids for Opodo exceeded â‚ ¬400 million since any bid would probably be challenged by Carlyle Group. Some sources reported that the Permira would bid through Vacaciones eDreams, S.L. where as the Axa would be bidding through Go Voyages SA. The process of this sale wi ll be handled by the JPMorgan Chase. Permira and Axa have been bidding against each other for the acquisition of medium sized European web based travel agencies prior to joining together so as to acquire Opodo Limited. In the last year, Permira defeated Axa so as to acquire eDreams-Spanish online agency where as the Axa won against Permira for the acquisition of Go Voyages. After which they together planned to develop a giant European agency through merging the Opodo Limited, after its acquisition if their bid for it is successful, with the previously acquired eDreams and Go Voyages. At present, the Amadeus IT Holding owns the Opodo Limited and this business venture involves only 4 % of their entire business turnover. Financial Performance Indicators Financial performance indicators for the three companies are provided below. Chart 1: Annual Sales Permira Advisers Ltd for the Last 5 Years in Million USD. The chart 1 given above provides interesting information about the annual sales of the Permira Advisers Ltd that enables us to apprehend the performance of the company before the acquisition of OPODO Limited. Chart 2: Annual Sales AXA Private Equity for the Last 5 Years in Million USD. The chart 2 given above provides interesting information about the annual sales of the AXA Private Equity that enables us to apprehend the performance of the company before the acquisition of OPODO Limited. Chart 3: Annual Sales OPODO Limited for the Last 5 Years in Million USD. The chart provides interesting information about the annual sales of the OPODO Limited that enables us to apprehend the performance of the company before its acquisition. Due to the above performance of Opodo, other companies are interested towards its acquisition. Why Are Mergers & Acquisitions Interesting? The most important factor for the mergers and acquisitions is the existence of "synergies" that enables the two companies to operate more efficiently together in comparison to be working individually . Nevertheless in some cases, organization may obtain tax benefits from a merger or acquisition. 'Horizontal' mergers that take place between companies functioning in the same industry at the same production level may also be instigated through the wish for greater market power, as in the current case of OPODO acquisition by the Permira and AXA (being merged together). Also,

Tata Motors Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Tata Motors - Essay Example Tata Motors had conducted a series of acquisitions. In the year 2004, it had taken over Daewoo Commercial Vehicles which is one of the leading truck companies of South Korea. In 2005, it purchased 21% share of Hispano Carrocera, a bus maker corporation of Spain. In the year 2006, Tata Motors was involved in a joint business partnership with Marcopolo, a body making company of buses and coaches of Brazil. In the same year, Tata Motors had made mutual venture with a Thailand manufacturing company to produce and enter the market of pickup cars. In the year 2008, Tata Motors had purchased two British automobile brands namely Jaguar and Land Rover. Since 1961, Tata Motors has been increasing its international presence. Tata’s cars are exported in many countries of Asia Pacific, Middle East, South America, South East Asia and Europe. In previous 50 years since its inception, Tata Motors has shown tremendous growth. It has more than 4500 scientists and engineers, 25000 employees and in the year 2009–2010 its calculated earnings was approximately 20 billion USD (TATA Motors, 2011). About Tata Nano In the year 2008, Tata Motors had uncovered the cheapest car of India, Tata Nano. Tata Nano has become the yardstick among all the smaller vehicles. It has been made with proper regulatory safety necessities of Indian market. It is also an environment friendly vehicle which produces less CO2 emission than two wheelers vehicles of India. The bend body design and less weight has made Tata Nano a fuel efficient vehicle which provides dual benefit of reasonable transportation solution and low environmental pollution (TATA Motors, 2011). Marketing Context Before introducing any product in the market there is a need to conduct marketing research plan. The 4Ps of marketing is a useful tool to develop clear idea about success of any product in the market. It helps to define the target market i.e. the segment for which the product will be produced. The proper pricing of the product to meet the needs of target market must be performed. Subsequently, the place where the product will be availabl e must be decided and finally the product must be advertised with proper promotion to develop brand awareness among target audience. Marketing Issue to be Investigated This research will investigate the marketing strategy of Tata Nano and its success in the automobile market. Tata Nano was introduced publicly in the year 2008. Initially, it was produced in two versions which are deluxe and standard. The vehicle has

Maori Social and Cultural Values and Healthcare

Maori Social and Cultural Values and Healthcare Shame is a painful feeling of humiliation or distress caused by the consciousness of wrong or foolish behaviour. The effect of shame on the health of the Maori client would be a client was diagnosed by type 2 diabetic and was recommended by the general practitioner to loss his /her weight. The general practitioner also made appointment with the weight loss program people and asked the client to attend the program but the client itself was feeling kind off embarrassed or bit shame as he/she have to attend the program, people will gossip about it and how will they react. The client may feel uncomfortable if at first he /she wold have controlled this it wouldn’t have come to this stage. Feeling inadequate not enough or insufficient. The effect of feeling inadequate on the health of a MÄ ori client would be a MÄ ori client visited a doctor as she was not feeling well, she had difficulty in sleeping and usually sweating, nervousness. After proper examination the doctor concluded that she has got hypertension(high blood pressure).the doctor started to inform her what she needs to do to control high blood pressure without medication and with medication too but after that brief information the doctor has given her time to think and decide and he went away giving her space but she felt that she had less information given to her regarding hypertension and she couldn’t say anything as she lacked knowledge and was not able to ask the doctor more about it as she felt embarrassed. Withdrawal (maunu) being pull out, to draw out or to loosened or get isolated. Example a person was feeling sick and needs to see a doctor, but when she went to the hospital she could not access any health services as she didn’t knew anything about health , it was all new to her. Neither has she known about the health services nor has appriopate knowledge felt withdrawn as people there knew where to go and where not to go. Feeling misunderstood took it in a wrong way, improperly understood or interpreted. For an example a MÄ ori client visited a doctor and informed that the medication he prescribed did not do anything and no important in her health but the doctor got bit angry as and said are you trying to teach me.The MÄ ori client felt that what she was trying to say doctor took in a wrong way, she just wanted to get a better medication that will improve her health. 1.2 One to one consultation with a health worker A MÄ ori lady goes to see a doctor and the doctor was male, she went to see the doctor to know how to avoid type two diabetic, but when she found out it was a male doctor she felt bit uncomfortable with him. The doctor tries his best to make feel comfortable. She seemed like she was nervous so the doctor tried to take her stress away by asking her to take deep breaths. She got bit worried to whether the doctor will provide her adequate information or not and whether it will be better for her or not. The doctor provided her with all information and how to avoid them also he also provided a guide book for her to read on her own too. Consumer survey As a health nurse educator she went to a boarding school to all the students doing consumer survey about the ascertain number of smokers. Firstly she asked permission from the parents to continue this survey. During this survey she looked at a simpler way to meet the age group of students made questionnaires that students can understand also got online website which is usually accessed by youths. She conducted this survey through face to face interview. Questionnaires were given out to them simple answers like yes/no .While conducting this survey she also maintained confidentiality and privacy for students. She explained the students while she was doing this survey in a simple way for their understanding. One to one consultation with a health worker of a different gender. For an example a male nurse promoting breast feeding for MÄ ori mothers. Firstly before going near to the mother the male nurse would get permission from the family or the husband to explain this to his wife about breast feeding. If the mother does not agree a male nurse he would give that information to the family members or to the husband so that they can explain to her. He will also get a MÄ ori nurse with him to assist him in communicating with the MÄ ori client as his first language is English. While communicating with the Maori client he will provide privacy to her. Explain her things as simple as he can. Providing information about support and also getting feedback from her is she does not understand anything. Group consultation with a health worker. The health worker having a group of Maori people who came for consultation together about influenza risk and how to reduce the spread of it. The health worker firstly made the environment suitable for them like in a room or office to maintain the privacy. When the clients arrives he greets them in their language by respecting there culture and belief. He also speaks to them in a very respective manner. The health worker provides adequate information to them and they all actively participate in the group where they could not understand things and need to know a bit more about it. He also informed them that if they feel they have not got enough information they ask questions to him. 1.3 Adverse socio-cultural factor one Education- If you as a MÄ ori are not educated you won’t be able to communicate well in front of others. If you are less educated you feel shame (whakama) in yourself as you won’t know what to do if want to see a doctor. You won’t have direct impact to health services. For an example you want to see a doctor but you don’t know where to go and get the information from and you feel shame on yourself as you are not educated how will other people react on it. Adverse socio-factor two Lack of identity (age, gender)- You will feel shame on yourself as people won’t know you who you are and where you are from. Example you have got diabetic and you want to go and access health services at district health but you cannot access as you don’t have an identity and knowledge about it. Another example can be the ministry of health NZ published pamphlet in MÄ ori language to make it easier for people who cannot understand English to read but still you don’t know how to read it in your language too. Adverse socio-economic factor one Employment- A MÄ ori person goes for job interview and does well in the interview but the employer does not give the designation he should get as he does not have the appropriate qualification or degree. He won’t be getting better pay as he should be. He won’t be able to excess any health services as whatever income he earns is spent on the family needs. Sometimes MÄ ori people doesn’t even have job as they don’t have any qualification and feel shame on themselves (whakama) people are laughing at him whenever they go to look for job. Adverse socio-economic factor two- Discrimination in education- The child won’t be getting education up to a better level or appropriate standard as they come from the poor family or due to the ethnicity. The child won’t be treated friendly by other students and teases the child how poor he is and the child will feel shame on himself (whakama) which will make him to avoid going to school. The child will not be getting proper health services as his family does not earn much. 2.1 A) Negative outcome one- No access to medical treatments- Like a MÄ ori client was very ill and wanted to go and see a doctor to get treated but he could not go as he was not educated he didn’t knew where to go and felt shame on himself and didn’t knew which medical treatment to access. Negative outcome two- Traditional medicine- In MÄ ori there is a medicine that they use that is rongoa it is use to prevent many sickness and provide remedies for the sickness. But the medicine making is passed down to generation to generation so the new generation may not know how to make the medicine and maybe don’t even know what ingredients maybe used. Some maybe feel bit embarrassed on themselves as they know anything about their traditional medicine. Negative outcome three- Non-MÄ ori speaking person- A health care assistant goes to meet a client and before going to that client she got bit background about that person and learnt that the person is Maori. When she went there she greeted the families and the client in MÄ ori and was able to speak bit fluently to them all were bit shocked and ashamed on themselves that they are MÄ ori themselves but they cannot speak their own language but a person who is a non-MÄ ori person speaks well. B) Positive outcome one- Cultural appropriate programmes- In a rest home they have people there who wants to get more knowledge about MÄ ori culture so the company organises a teaching session in a culturally appropriate setting to the clients, the health care assistants and clinical staffs. Positive outcome two- Maori provider group- Like for some MÄ ori clients they are special needs clients they require some special aids in their life so the good thing is that now in New Zealand there is a MÄ ori provider group they do funding for Maori health and disabilities issues, taking accounts of the Manaia Health PHO population profile and health needs, building Maori provider capacity in service delivery and improving upon quality issues. Positive outcome three- Whanua ora- The ministry of New Zealand is trying to look for solutions and information to support the whanua plans and track the whanua goals. All this solutions will be used with a group of people or by range of people from the whanua ora navigators or to staff at whanua ora collectives to whanua themselves, although people whose information is captured in whÄ nau plans will be able to have a say in who is allowed to access that information.

Good Citizen vs. Good Man :: essays research papers

Good Citizen vs. Good Man The good man and the good citizen are not one and the same. What can be said about one cannot be necessarily said about the other. It is essential for the good man to be a good citizen. It is not, though, vital for the good citizen to be a good man. This distinction is important to make, because it helps one understand that the qualities a good man possesses far supersede those of a good citizen. A good citizen does what is best for the community, his city. As long as he is no harm to his surroundings, and cares for the improvement and betterment of his city, he is a good citizen. Who a person is doesn't greatly affect what kind of citizen he will be. What if a man is a secret murderer? If we were to say that he only kills people outside of his city, would he be affecting the city in any way? If he was a great politician and lived this secret life as well would he still be a great citizen? The answer is yes. This is because the good citizen doesn't have to care about others. He can a llow his desires to overpower his calculating. He doesn't have to have a well-ordered soul. In other words, he doesn't have to be a good man. Aristotle chooses to search for the difference between the good man and the good citizen by examining and analyzing their virtues. He concludes that, "Hence, the virtue of a citizen must be suited to his constitution. Consequently, if indeed there are several kinds of constitution, it is clear that there cannot be a single virtue that is the virtue-of a good citizen. But the good man, we say, does express a single virtue: the complete one. Evidently, then, it is possible for someone to be a good citizen without having acquired the virtue expressed by a good man" (1276b). What Aristotle doesn't tell us is who is better off. Is it sufficient to be the good citizen or is it definitely more satisfying to be the good man? The good man is recognizably superior to the good citizen. The good man possesses everything that is good. He does wha t is just and what is just is beneficial to himself and to those around him. His soul is completely well-ordered and, therefore, cannot allow for his desires to take over and commit evil or injustice of any kind.

Culturally Competent Paper Essay

Introduction Cultural competence care is borrowed from the aspects of cultural competence in any other work or personal environment. Cultural competence refers to the aspect of developing awareness of the personal existence, thought, sensation as well as the environment, without letting this knowledge have any form of influence on other people’s backgrounds, thoughts and opinions (Murphy, 2011). This means that one has to respect the cultural aspects of those around them, by accepting and appreciating their differences without any form of prejudice. When this element of cultural awareness is introduced in the nursing field, cultural competence care thus can be said to refer to the ability of the registered nurse to offer highly specialized care, with complete knowledge and appreciation of the patient’s cultural beliefs and attitudes in mind, with respect to disease, pain, healing, diet, religion, communication and death among others (Douglas et al., 2014). Due to our society consisting of people from many diverse backgrounds, the registered nurse is always faced with new challenges as they meet and interact with patients from differing backgrounds (Taylor, 2011). The most important aspect of health care delivery that is centered on the patient is that the nurse needs to respect the decision of the patient (Douglas et al., 2011). This aspect is due to the fact that, the patients are supposed to be incorporated in every other decision that the nurse and other members of the health care team have to make over the life and treatment of the patient. With close reference to the aspect of cultural differences, there are patients that will be particularly cautious of their cultural beliefs and in most of the cases will want these beliefs to be respected and maintained at all times. As mentioned earlier, these beliefs may range from, diets, clothing, gender of the attendant, religious observations to matters relating to pain, healing and death (Peterson-Iyer, 2014). As such the nurse has to work with the patient and the family to come to an understanding and  agreement on the best way forward. In an example, it is common for registered nurses to be faced with patients who do not want to be attended by nurses of the opposite sex. It is important that the nurses understand that this is not the patient’s way of saying that they do not need help. They just want help that coincides with their cultural beliefs, which they are entitled to at all time (Murphy, 2011). Guidelines for Registered Nurses For the registered nurse to be in a position to offer the best care on the ground of cultural competence there are a few guidelines that can help them achieve their goals with much ease. It is important, that guidelines are implemented across the board, such that all the nurses from the different sections integrate them into their practices (Douglas et al., 2014). This way there will be uniformity in the provision of care among all the nurses and thus streamline the nursing practice culture in the health care facility involved. a. Personal Reflection For a nurse to understand the beliefs of the patient that come their way, they would have to first evaluate their own beliefs. The term cultural self-awareness comes to mind in which one objectively examines their own beliefs, values, practices and family experiences (Taylor, 2011.) Cultural self-awareness is important, that way the nurse can create the same level of self awareness that the patient has. Much like the nurses have their own preferences that are culturally related, the patients too have the same and would want to be understood and respected not judged on these grounds (Peterson-Iyer, 2014). This is the first step towards enhancing the nurse’s ability to provide culturally competent care. b. Gaining Knowledge of the Cultures Ideally this means that the nurse should take their time to gain understanding of the cultures of the patients that they are attending. The registered nurse should take interest in learning the traditions, perspective, values, family systems and practices among other culturally relevant material of the patient (Douglas et al., 2011). Different patients will have different beliefs that they observe and it is important for the nurse to stay ahead of the curve, by familiarizing themselves with the  different cultures around them. c. Involve the Patient Patient empowerment and advocacy is one of the crucial pillars of any health care practices that put the patients at the center of their practices (Douglas et al., 2014). When treating the patients, registered nurses should make sure that they include the patient, family and friends in the decision-making circle (Murphy, 2011). Making health decisions is crucial to the patient, and it has to be done in manner that, the patient is actually involved in the process. d. Communicating Cross-Culturally Communication is very important in any relationship, but it is particularly important in the patient/nurse relationship. In this case, it is crucial that the registered nurse learns how to communicate with the patients. Communication is defined as the process of exchanging information and generating and transmitting meanings between two or more individuals (Taylor, 2011). Communication is not limited to verbal but also spreads to the ability to interpret nonverbal language cues (Murphy, 2011). This is essential as it indicates that the nurse actually respects and dignifies the patient. Miscommunication between nurse and patient much like in general conversation between any two strangers can cause a lot of controversies. It is important that the nurse understands the information being transmitted and looks at their patient’s response before making a rushed judgment. Incorporating culturally competent care in nursing practices Self-awareness is the initial step that every regist ered nurse should take before trying to understand their patients. By becoming self-aware, it is much easier for the nurse to understand the beliefs and the values of their patients (Peterson-Iyer, 2014). To integrate this aspect in their practices, registered nurses need to get in touch with their inner values and reflect on them, before making any assumption on the part of the patient. By doing this the nurse will be in a position to challenge their assumptions and personal believes as they dispense personal practices and professional ones. It is also important to note that this is a practice that should start at the student nurse level and go into the professional levels. Building on one’s cultural knowledge, can help the nurse go along way into the aspect of understanding the patients and their needs. Registered nurses should never  make assumptions and generalize the patients and their beliefs. Different patients will have different sets of beliefs and it crucial to understand the specific details, creating the differences. Nurses should use their knowledge of the cultural differences to understand the impacts they will have on values, behavior and attitudes of each patient. They will also use this knowledge to establish the impact they will have on the health care policies and the resources at the hospital (Douglas et al., 2014). At the center of the cultural awareness and health care provision is the ability of the nurse to communicate with patients and other medical team members. One of the basic aspects of integrating proper communication skills in their work, registered nurses should understand the essence of quality communication (Douglas et al., 2011). This means that they need to value the basic rules of communication. At the same time they also need to have a wealth of understanding with reference to the verbal and nonverbal communication elements. It is advisable that the nurse try and pick up some of the common phrases used by the patient’s culture. In the example, when a nurse asks their patient whether they are having any pain, in the patient’s language, there is the element of the patient feeling appreciated. While it may be taken as a light gesture, it is actually very strong and creates a strong between the patient and the nurse (Murphy, 2011). The idea of having patient-centered care that is culturally nourished cannot happen if the patient is not actually involved in their own care (Peterson-Iyer, 2014). In the implementation of the patient-centered care, the registered nurse needs to understand that, whether all the other guidelines are observed, if the patient is not involved in their health care decisions, the program is doomed to fail. Understanding the patient’s language, values, practices and preferences are not enough if these are not recognized in creating a platform where the patient is involved in the decision-making process. The Importance of Incorporating Patient’s Cultural Needs Health care has made some very, major leaps since the 60s. It is no longer a practice associated with helping the patient heal and go back to their lives, but it is much more complex and patient-centered. In the past, the doctors and the nurses made the decision and told the patient when they felt the need to inform (Douglas et al., 2011). Due to the level of  globalization, nurses now get to treat patients from across the globe while at the same time they also get a chance to work in different areas of the world. Learning to interact with the different cultures across the globe is crucial to the development of the patient-centered health care services. For nurses, it is very crucial to ensure that they understand the various cultures to deliver quality care. By understanding the various communications cues in a certain language, whether verbal or nonverbal, it reduces friction between the nurse and the patient. This means that the nurse is able to establish a cordial relationship with the patient and their families. At the same time the nurse also understands the barriers that can inhibit their delivery of care and avoid them or work to refine their skills. When a registered nurse incorporates cultural awareness in their care, they give the indication that they are respectful to the patients. Patients recovering in a hospital are not only battling with physical illness, rather they are also having social and emotional difficulties to deal with. When the nurse shows that they understand, it makes the patient feel much better and this increases the chances of recovery, physically and mentally. For a nurse, incorporating the cultural awareness aspect into their care delivery ensures that they are liberated from social stereotypes (Douglas et al., 2014). By learning the different cultures across the cultural divide, the nurse is skilled with the right knowledge to work anywhere in the world. It is not possible to work across borders if one is still affected by cultural prejudice and preferences (Murphy, 2011). By making sure that one understands their culture, they adapt an open mind, where they are able to relate to the different cultures. It also means that the nurse is able to work with different nurses from varying backgrounds. Cross cultural skills are not limited to the nurse-patient relations, due to the fact that the workplaces are now multicultural. Cultural Practices in Health Care Cultural needs have to be incorporated in the delivery of quality health care where possible. The different aspects that demand patient needs are incorporated in the health care services. Diet is one of the major aspects that has to be incorporated in the health care services. Different cultures have different diets that they observe, and these have to be maintained even  at the hospital (Peterson-Iyer, 2014). Patients that are of the Muslim faith do not eat pork and as such cannot eat meals containing the same in the hospital. Dietary teaching must be individualized according to cultural values (Taylor, 2011). Some cultures also do not allow nurses of the opposite sex to attend to them (Douglas et al., 2011). It is also common that patients will have some form of preferential clothing that they would want to wear. At the time of death, some cultures have rituals that may involve the services of spiritual/religious leaders and traditional healers. Some of the most common rituals in the Hispanic culture include prayers, placing candles in the room, picture of saints in the room, cleansing the body and inviting priests. It is also common to find that some patients may not support some of the medical practices such as cloning, blood transfusion (Murphy, 2011). Understanding these differences creates the balance between the nursing practices and the cultural practices. Incorporating the cultural practices in medical care is crucial for the benefit of the patient and their families. Where possible the nurse can try and suggest alternatives such electric candles for safety issues among others. It also streamlines the delivery of health care services with minimal friction among the patients and their nurses (Douglas et al., 2014). Culturally Competent Nursing Care The Hispanic community consists of very religious people and follow their culture quite closely. As such when providing care to Hispanic patients, it is crucial for the nurses to take note of their beliefs and respect their wishes. They place a lot of faith in the Virgin Guadalupe and place a lot of emphasis on the traditional means of healing (Peterson-Iyer, 2014). According to the Hispanic traditions that are borrowed from the Greeks, when one is sick, their balance of the four humors is out of place. The four humors include black bile, yellow bile, blood and the phlegm. Ideally when one is sick from any disease including the chronic diseases, they have a form of imbalance in these humors or they may have too much cold or heat (Taylor, 2011). Some parts of the Hispanic community also believe that there are supernatural powers responsible for diseases. In some cases, chronic diseases are believed to be caused by the supernatural powers and cannot be cured using medicine. Sensory impairments, according to the Hispanics are  sometimes caused by supernatural powers while witchcraft is also attributed to patients losing some of their senses (Murphy, 2011). During the end of life care, the Hispanic community believe that a death is just an extension of life. Many may perform cleansing rituals as they prepare their relatives for the next life after their death (Douglas et al., 2014). Nursing care considerations As a registered nurse, it is important to understand the cultural believes of the Hispanic patients and the community in general to make sure that the health care delivery is highly improved. In the case of the chronic diseases, most of the families are going to prefer the use of herbal medicine for treating patients at all ages (Peterson-Iyer, 2014). In the case of the children it is important to try and explain to the families with a lot of understanding, the benefits of the modern medical practices. This also means that, one has to be careful not to look like they are bashing their cultural beliefs. Families can be asked to try the modern medical practices while at the same time they may decide on the traditional practices they are comfortable with. This also goes for the elderly patients, given that like children they are more susceptible to injury or illness and may give in to the treatment or the disease (Murphy, 2011). When it comes to the impairment of sensory organs, most of the time, the Hispanic community will take that the patient has been bewitched, or a supernatural power is responsible. This mostly cuts across the age divide, for the children, youngsters and the old (Douglas et al., 2011). Communicating the importance to the families or the patient to try the modern medical practices is important. This is due to the fact that it can be difficult to convince an asymptomatic patient that they are ill (Taylor, 2011). The end of life experience takes different shapes across the age divide. In the case of the children, the families may believe that their child has been bewitched and may require performing cleansing rituals. At the same time, the rituals are also directed at helping the diseased join their next life and find peace, whether old or young. Conclusion Nursing practices have been revolutionized over time, and delivery of care to the patient is no longer the mandate of the medical teams alone (Murphy,  2011). Patient-centered care is the baseline for most of the health care services across the globe. With reference to the globalization levels and the multicultural interactions, nurses have to develop cross-cultural competency skills. Culturally Competent Nursing Care skills are crucial for any one that wants to be a registered nurse (Douglas et al., 2011). References Douglas, M. K., Rosenkoetter, M., Pacquiao, D. F., Callister, L., Hattar-Pollara, M., Lauderdale, J., & †¦ Purnell, L. (2014). Guidelines for Implementing Culturally Competent Nursing Care. Journal Of Transcultural Nursing, 25(2), 109-121. doi:10.1177/1043659614520998. Douglas, M., Pierce, J., Rosenkoetter, M., Pacquiao, D., Callister, L., & Hattar-Pollara, M. et al. (2011). Standards of Practice for Culturally Competent Nursing Care: 2011 Update. Journal Of Transcultural Nursing, 22(4), 317-333. doi:10.1177/1043659611412965. Murphy, K. (2011). The importance of cultural competence. Nursing Made Incredibly Easy, 9(2), 5. Peterson-Iyer, K. (2014). Introduction to Culturally Competent Care. Scu.edu. Retrieved 24 September 2014, from http://www.scu.edu/ethics/practicing/focusareas/medical/culturally-competent-care/introduction.html. Taylor, C., Lillis, C., LeMone, P., & Lynn, P. (2011). Cultural Diversity. In Fundamentals of nursing: The art and science of nursing care (7th ed.). P hiladelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.